Investigating the Scholarly Performance of Mujāhid ibn Jabr, Muhammad ibn Ka'b Qarẓī, and Ḥasan Baṣrī, as Mawālī Exegetes of the Followers Era

Deh Pahlavan, Tal’at; Esmaili, Pouria; Nikpanah, Mansour

doi:10.22034/jksl.2024.416992.1247

Investigating the Scholarly Performance of Mujāhid ibn Jabr, Muhammad ibn Ka'b Qarẓī, and Ḥasan Baṣrī, as Mawālī Exegetes of the Followers Era

Authors

Tal’at Deh Pahlavan ¹

Pouria Esmaili ²

Mansour Nikpanah ³

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

² Guest Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

³ Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, General Department, Sraavan Higher Education Complex, Sraavan, Iran

10.22034/jksl.2024.416992.1247

Abstract

After Islam expanded beyond the land of Hijaz during the era of conquests, various tribes and races converged upon it and became subjects of the Islamic caliphate. Consequently, extensive interactions took place between the people of the conquered lands and the Arabs. Among them, individuals who embraced Islam were placed under the protection of an Arab patron and thus, became integrated into Arab society under the title of "Mawālī." Utilizing this privilege, the Mawālī progressed in various political, social, and especially Islamic fields, including asceticism, Islamic jurisprudence, and interpretation, and authored prominent works. In this regard, the question arises as to why the works of Mawālī commentators such as Mujāhid ibn Jabr, Muhammad ibn Ka'b Qarẓī, and Ḥasan Baṣrī were significant during the Followers Era. The hypothesis suggests that by engaging in the science of interpretation, they were able to produce simpler interpretations compared to Arab commentators, making their study less burdensome for people and enabling them to derive greater benefits from it in life. This article meticulously examines the dimensions and aspects of this subject using a historical research approach based on description and analysis. The research findings indicate that although the Mawālī did not have a deep familiarity with the Arabic language, their performance led Shia commentators, alongside Sunni scholars, to produce good and simpler works, thereby contributing to the growth of this science in Islam.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

Mujāhid ibn Jabr

Muhammad ibn Ka'b Qarẓī

Ḥasan Baṣrī

Followers

Interpretation Science

20.1001.1.27833356.1403.5.1.3.1

Subjects

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