Quran, Culture And Civilization

Quran, Culture And Civilization

1Explaining Fundamental Concepts of "Bald," "Medina," and "Qaryah" in the Holy Quran Regarding the City and Urban Culture with Emphasis on Islamic Texts

Authors
Zohreh Kadkhodaei 1
MohammadReza Hajiesmaeili 2
Mahdi Motie 3
1 Ph.D. student in Theology and Islamic Studies (Quran and Hadith), Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Professor of Quran and Hadith Sciences (Narrations), Faculty of Theology and Ahl al-Bayt Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. (Corresponding Author)
3 Associate Professor of Quran and Hadith Sciences (Narrations), Faculty of Theology and Ahl al-Bayt Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
10.22034/jksl.2023.410505.1234
Abstract
The type of human life, culture, and thought has been involved in the emergence of the city and urbanization. Humans influence the city and its structure, and the city, in turn, affects humans and their behavior and thoughts. In this article, using the method of semantics, the different semantic domains of the words "bald," "medina," and "qaryah" are explored, investigating why God has used three different words to convey the concept of a city. The research findings indicate that the words "bald," "medina," and "qaryah" in the Quran are employed with different meanings, serving as a reflection of cultural variables, urbanization, and human and social irregularities in society. "Bald" is a general term referring to land, in "medina," the culture of urban living is the criterion, governed by specific laws, and "qaryah" possesses a visible and material settlement.

Graphical Abstract

1Explaining Fundamental Concepts of Bald, Medina, and Qaryah in the Holy Quran Regarding the City and Urban Culture with Emphasis on Islamic Texts
Keywords
Semantics
Urban Culture
Bald
Medina
Qaryah

Subjects

Persian Sources
- Javadi Amoli, Abdullah (2018). Tafsir Tasnim, Qom: Isra Publications.
- Davari Ardakani, Reza (2003).  City and Its Inhabitants , Nameh Farhang Journal, 1(47), 0-0.
- Seifoddini, Farank (1999).  Urbanization Process: The Issue of Megacities , Geographical Research, 21(36), 88-75.
- Tabatabaei, Sayyid Mohammad Hussein (1999).  Translation of Tafsīr al-Mīzān , translated by Mohammad Baqer Mousavi Hamadani, Qom: Jame'eh Modarresin Qom.
- Qasemi, Kowsar (2019).  Society Beyond Civilization in the Mirror of the Quran , Philosophy and Theology Quarterly, 24(3), 54-31.
- Makarem Shirazi, Naser et al. (2001) Tafsir Nemuneh, Qom: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah.
 
Arabic Sources
- Ibn Jūzī, Abdul Rahman ibn Ali (1987).  Zād al-Masīr fi Ilm al-Tafsīr , Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.
- Ibn Āshūr, Muḥammad ibn Tāhir (2005).  Al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr , Tunis: Al-Dār  al-Tunisiyah lil-Nashr.
- Ibn Faris, Abu al-Hasan Ahmad (1983).  Mu'jam Maqāīs al-Lughah , Beirut: Maktabat al-Ilm al-Islamiyyah.
- Ibn Arabī, Muḥammad ibn Ali (2001).  Tafsīr Ibn Arabī , Beirut: Dār  Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
- Ibn Manzur, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram (1993).  Lisān al-‘Arab , Beirut: Dār  al-Fikr.
- Jaml, Sulaimān ibn Umar (1789).  Futūḥāt Ilāhiyyah , authored by Shams al-Din, Tehran: Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences.
- Juharī, Ismāīl ibn Ḥammād (1989).  Al-Ṣiḥāḥ , Tehran: Amiri.
- Ḥimyarī, Abdullah ibn Ja'far (1992).  Qurb al-Isnād , Qom: Al al-Bayt Institute for the Revival of Heritage.
- Rāghīb Isfahani, Hussein ibn Mohammed (1991).  Mufradāt Alfāẓ al-Quran , Beirut: Dār  al-Qalam, Dār  al-Shamiya.
- Ṣāḥib ibn ‘Ubbād, Abu al-Qāsim Ismāīl (1991).  Al-Muḥīṭ fi al-Lughah , Beirut: Alam al-Kitab.
- Ṭabarsī, Faḍl ibn Ḥasan (2016).  Majma’ al-Bayān , Beirut: Ilmi.
- Ṭabarī, Muḥammad ibn Jarīr (1994).  Jāmi al-Bayān , Beirut: Dār  al-Fikr.
- Fakhr al-Rāzī, Muḥammad ibn ‘Umar (n.d.).  Tafsīr al-Kabīr , Tehran: Offset Printing.
- Qurṭubī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (1985).  al-Jāmi li Aḥkām al-Quran , Tehran: Naser Khosrow.
- Māwardī, Abu al-Ḥasan Ali ibn Moḥammed (n.d.).  Al-Nukat wa al-‘Uyūn , Beirut: Dār  al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.
- Musṭafawī, Ḥasan (2016).  Investigation of Quranic Words , Tehran: Ketab Publishing Center.
- Muqrī al-Fayūmī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad (1993).  Al-Misbāḥ al-Munīr , Qom: Dār  al-Hijrah.
Quran, Culture And Civilization
Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 14
Winter 2024
Pages 134-158

  • Receive Date 14 August 2023
  • Revise Date 22 November 2023
  • Accept Date 27 November 2023
  • Publish Date 21 January 2024